今天，Facebook提交了首次公开募股申请，从而为所有投资者入股这一世界最大的社交网络公司铺平了道路。主要细节如下：

    募股规模：Facebook声称计划融资50亿美元。部分批评人士认为，按先前媒体报道的100亿美元来看，这是Facebook雄心的一个重大倒退。请注意两点：（1）这些早期的报道可能有误，而且Facebook从来没有正式就募股规模给出过类似的数字，因此声称它调整了目标数字本来就是荒谬的。（2）S-1文件（招股书）上面的募股数量往往比其他数据更为靠谱。例如，当初外界预计凯雷集团（Carlyle Group）将融资数十亿美元，然而该公司最终只申请融资1亿美元。

    估值情况：公司一般很少在S-1申请中透露预期股价的细节，Facebook也不例外。有报道称这家公司的估值将在750亿-1,000亿美元之间，但是要等到它补充申请后才能明确。

    财务状况：Facebook 2011年的营业收入达37.1亿美元，净收入为10亿美元。这与我们先前从小道得到的财务信息一致。换句话来说，它并没拿出像谷歌（Google）那样令人吃惊的数字。这家公司还透露，2011年底，公司拥有的现金达到了39亿美元。

    股东构成：马克•扎克伯格是Facebook最大的单一股东，而且控制了投票权。其他的大股东还包括风投机构加速合伙公司（Accel Partners），DST集团，T. Rowe Price基金公司和高盛（Goldman Sachs）。

    银行：不出所料，摩根斯坦利（Morgan Stanley）抢到了令人垂涎的“主演”角色。摩根大通（J.P. Morgan）和高盛也拿到了主要的票据业务。而美国银行美林公司（BoA Merrill Lynch），巴克莱银行（Barclays Capital）和艾伦公司（Allen & Co.）则组成了承销辛迪加。

    致潜在股东的信：自谷歌开始，致信便成了所有重大技术公司首次公开募股的惯例，Facebook的首席执行官也因此为潜在的股东签发了信件。最重要的一句话就是：“我们打造服务的目的不是为了赚钱；而我们赚钱的目的是为了打造更好的服务。”

    上市信息：Facebook的交易代码为FB，但尚不清楚它将选择在纽约证券交易所（NYSE）还是纳斯达克（NASDAQ）上市。

    红利：扎克伯格去年的底薪为50万美元。他去年拿到的红利共计约150万美元。首席运营官谢丽尔•桑德伯格和首席财务官大卫•俄博斯曼的底薪均为30万美元，但是红利却分别达到了3,080万美元和1,870万美元。

    股东变现：我真的希望文件中能体现到目前为止包括扎克伯格在内的内部人员已经拿走了多少钱。但是运气不佳。上面提到了摩根斯坦利曾于2010年和2011年购买了一些内部人员的股票，但未标明具体明细。这与社交游戏巨子Zynga公司和团购网站Groupon公司截然相反，这两家公司都在文件中明确注明了出售股份的数额和卖方。尽管如此，加速合伙公司和达斯汀•莫斯科维茨（Facebook联合创始人之一，现已离开——译注）都曾经在二级市场销售过Facebook的股票。有消息渠道称（我强调，仅有一个消息渠道），扎克伯格从来没有在二级市场销售过股份。

    Facebook this afternoon filed for an initial public offering that paves the way for all investors to own stock in the world's largest social network. Here are the top-line details:

    Offering size: Facebook says it plans to raise $5 billion. Some pundits have suggested this is a major decrease in Facebook's ambitions, due to earlier press reports that the company would seek $10 billion. Two points: (1) Those original reports may have been wrong, and it's absurd to say a company resized something it had never officially sized in the first place. (2) Offering amounts on S-1 documents sometimes are more placeholders than anything else. For example, The Carlyle Group is expected to raise billions -- but filed to raise just $100 million.

    Valuation: Companies rarely disclose anticipated share price details in S-1 filings, and Facebook is no different. Reports are that the company will seek a valuation of between $75 billion and $100 billion, but we have no idea until it amends its filing.

    Financials: Facebook reports $3.71 billion in 2011 revenue, and $1 billion in net income. This is in line with what we'd previously learned from leaked financials. In other words, no Google surprise. The company also reports around $3.9 billion of cash on hand at the end of 2011.

    Shareholders: Mark Zuckerberg is Facebook's largest single shareholder, and also controls the voting rights. Other major holders include Accel Partners, DST Group, T. Rowe Price and Goldman Sachs.

    Banks: As expected, Morgan Stanley (MS) got the coveted "lead left" position. J.P. Morgan and Goldman Sachs (GS) also got top-line billing, while BoA Merrill Lynch (BAC), Barclays Capital and Allen & Co. filled out the underwriting syndicate.

    The letter: As is customary with every major tech IPO since Google (GOOG), Facebook includes a letter to prospective shareholders from its CEO. Perhaps the most important line: "We don't build services to make money; we make money to build better services."

    Listing: Facebook will trade under ticker symbol FB. No decision yet on NYSE or NASDAQ.

    Compensation: Zuckerberg made a base salary last year of $500,000. His total compensation for last year was around $1.5 million. COO Sheryl Sandberg and CFO David Ebersman each pulled down $300,000 in base salary, but $30.8 million and $18.7 million, respectively, in total comp.

    Shareholder Liquidity: I was really hoping that this filing would let us know how much money insiders, including Zuckerberg, have taken off the table so far. No such luck. There is mention of Morgan Stanley buying some insider shares in 2010 and 2011, but no specifics. This is in stark contrast to the Zynga (ZNGA) and Groupon (GRPN) registration docs, which explicitly spelled out how much had been sold and by whom. That said, we know that Accel Partners and Dustin Moskovitz have both sold Facebook shares on the secondary market. One source (and I stress, it is only one source) says that Zuckerberg never sold shares on the secondary market.