最适合开启职业生涯的5个美国城市

Anne Fisher | 2014-06-03 11:45

The best launch pads for new grads

Happily for the class of 2014, the job market overall is looking brighter than it has since before the recession. But where you live matters. To see where new grads might want to put down stakes, researchers at financial site WalletHub analyzed the local economy in 150 metropolitan areas, using 18 criteria. Some were work-related, including the number of entry-level jobs per 100,000 residents, median average starting salaries, and the rate of annual job growth. But the study looked at other factors twenty-somethings care about, too, like the cost of an apartment, arts and entertainment (including nightlife), and how many other Millennials already live there. Here are the top five from WalletHub's list of the best places for new grads.

美国应届毕业生最佳生活和就业城市

让2014年的毕业生感到欣慰是，就业市场整体呈现出自经济萧条以来最为光明的前景。不过，对于居住地的选择依然至关重要。为了考察应届毕业生偏爱选择哪些地方作为职业生涯的起点，财经网站WalletHub的研究人员以18个方面作为参考标准，对150个大都市的当地经济进行了分析。这18个方面的标准中有些涉及职业，譬如每100,000个居民的初级职位数量、平均起薪中值和年度就业增长率。但研究也兼顾了二十多岁年轻人关心的其他因素，例如租房、艺术和娱乐方面的成本（包括夜生活），以及已经有多少千禧一代选择生活于此。下面是WalletHub网站所列出的应届毕业生最佳生活和就业地的前五名。

1、华盛顿特区

Uncle Sam is the biggest employer in town, but far from the only one: Partly because the defense industry has turned nearby northern Virginia into a fast-growing tech hub, the area ranks high in job opportunities. Washington has a reasonable cost of living for a city of its size, and lots of arts and entertainment. The capital also scores highest in the U.S. on what WalletHub calls "mating opportunities." More than 1 in 5 D.C. residents are 25 to 34 years old, and 58% of the population is single.

虽然联邦政府是华盛顿特区最大的雇主，但为这座城市提供大把就业机会的远不止这一家：部分原因是因为，国防工业已经让附近的北弗吉尼亚变成了一个快速发展的科技中心，这个地区目前的就业率一直排在前列。对于一个拥有如此规模的城市而言，华盛顿的生活成本相当合理，而且在这里还能享受到很多艺术和娱乐活动。此外，首都城市在WalletHub网站所列出的“配偶机遇”指标上的得分也是最高的。超过五分之一的华盛顿居民的年龄在25岁至34岁之间，而且这些人群中有58%的人还处于单身状态。

2、丹佛

Name a big American company, from Arrow Electronics to Xcel Energy, and odds are it is either headquartered in Denver or has major operations there. WalletHub found that the extraordinarily varied local economy generates lots of jobs, relatively high starting salaries, and robust income growth. The city ranks high in arts and entertainment, and — with Snowmass, Steamboat, Telluride, and a dozen other mountain resorts nearby — it's the obvious place to move if you're packing a pair of skis.

从艾睿电子公司（Arrow Electronics）到埃克西尔能源公司（Xcel Energy），这些赫赫有名的美国大公司不是将总部设在丹佛，就是在这里拥有主营业务。WalletHub发现，极为多元化的地区经济催生了大量的工作机会、相对较高的起薪和强劲的收入增长。这座城市的艺术和娱乐氛围也排在前列，斯诺马斯（Snowmass）、汽船（Steamboat）和特柳赖德（Telluride）等十几家高山度假村都距此不远。如果你本人就是个滑雪爱好者，那么选择移居于此绝对是再好不过了。

3、德克萨斯州欧文市

It's worth noting that, among the top 10 cities on WalletHub's list, four are in Texas, by far the most of any state. Irving is home to Exxon Mobil (XOM, Fortune 500) and Kimberly-Clark. Allstate, Verizon (VZ, Fortune 500), Citigroup (C, Fortune 500), and Microsoft(MSFT, Fortune 500) are among the dozens of other companies with big operations in town.

One caveat: Irving scored relatively low on WalletHub's "quality of life" indicators, and housing costs are high. Luckily, Dallas — No. 8 on the full list of 150 cities, and with lots more nightlife -- is just a few miles down the road.

值得注意的是，在WalletHub榜单上排在前10位的城市中，有4座城市位于德克萨斯，是所有州中最多的。欧文市是埃克森美孚公司（Exxon Mobil）和金佰利克拉克公司（Kimberly-Clark）的总部所在地。好事达保险（Allstate）、威瑞森（Verizon）、花旗集团（Citigroup）和微软（Microsoft）等几十家大公司也都在这里拥有大宗业务。

警告：欧文市在WalletHub所给出的“生活质量”指标项上的得分相对较低，而且住房成本较高。不过幸运的是，在150个城市的完整榜单上排在第8位且夜生活更加丰富的达拉斯距离欧文市仅数公里之遥。

4、西雅图

No surprise that Seattle is a mecca for tech talent: Microsoft, Amazon (AMZN, Fortune 500), Nintendo, and T-Mobile (TMUS) are based in the area, along with other big names like Starbucks (SBUX, Fortune 500) and Nordstrom (JWN, Fortune 500), and a slew of startups. But it's the vibrant local music scene and other cultural goings on that give the city its high marks for quality of life, along with easy access to hiking and climbing in the North Cascades and on Mount Rainier.

Then there's the climate: It's mild, with year round temperatures averaging about 75 degrees. Then again, 37" of annual rainfall might take some getting used to.

西雅图堪称是技术天才的麦加圣地，这一点毫不令人惊讶：微软、亚马逊（Amazon ）、任天堂和德国电信公司（T-Mobile）的总部都在此地，其他诸如星巴克（Starbucks ）和诺德斯特姆（Nordstrom）这样赫赫有名的大公司以及很多初创公司也都将办公总部设在这里。充满活力的地方音乐氛围和各种文化活动让西雅图的生活质量得到了很高的评价，这里的北喀斯喀特（North Cascades）和瑞尼尔山（Mount Rainier）是健行和攀岩的绝佳去处。

西雅图的气候亦值得一提：这里气候温和，全年平均气温在24摄氏度左右。不过，这里940毫米的年降雨量可能会让有些人不太适应。

5、明尼阿波利斯

Fortune 500 companies like Target (TGT, Fortune 500), U.S. Bancorp (USB, Fortune 500), and Ameriprise Financial (AMP, Fortune 500) are headquartered here. Minneapolis also has an energetic tech startup scene, and the city far outshines the U.S. as a whole in both per capita income and the number of residents with advanced degrees.

Minneapolis is also greener than most cities: Public parks take up more than one-fifth of it, and there are five golf courses within city limits. Another boost to "quality of life" comes from a thriving arts community, including more live theaters per 1,000 people than any place except New York.

塔吉特（Target）、美国合众银行（U.S. Bancorp）和阿默普莱斯金融（Ameriprise Financial ）等《财富》美国500强公司的总部都设在此地。明尼阿波利斯也拥有充满活力的科技创业氛围，这座城市的人均收入和高学历居民数量皆远远超过了美国的整体水平。

明尼阿波利斯的环境也比大多数美国城市要好：公园占城市面积的五分之一以上，市区范围内有五个高尔夫球场。“生活质量”表现的另一个方面在于这里欣欣向荣的艺术氛围，每1,000人的剧场数量超过了除纽约之外的其他任何城市。(财富中文网）

译者：徐黄兆

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