|
香港蝉联世界经济自由度排名冠军 在刚公布的2013年世界经济自由度指数报告中，香港再次被评为全球最自由经济体。该报告由美国传统基金会及《华尔街日报》联合编制，自1995年推出以来，香港一直独占鳌头。 新加坡紧随其后，再次排名第二。澳大利亚、新西兰、瑞士分别位列第三、四、五名。 香港的经济自由度指数得到89.3分，而世界平均分数为59.6分。从历史纪录上看，在1997年香港回归成为中国特别行政区这一年，经济自由度得分为88.6分。 今年，该调查总共涵盖了185个经济体。 和去年相比，今年斩获最大的是阿联酋、哥伦比亚、约旦、波兰和印度尼西亚。而美国、爱尔兰则因过去五年排名严重下滑而备受关注。 2013年共有5个亚太经济体进入前20名，其中台湾地区排名第20。澳门特别行政区排在第26位，中国大陆则排名第136。 世界传统基金会是美国的保守派智库，1973年成立，目前共有约75万名会员。作为美国最大的公共政策研究机构，它不接受政府资助或提供有偿服务，主要是依靠个人、企业和一些基金会的赞助维持运行。 经济自由度的调查方法以对十项标准的分析为基础，共分为四大类别：法治（包括针对腐败及产权保护的相关情况）、限制政府的权力（税收、政府支出）、（与营商、劳工、金融等相关的）监管效率、开放的市场（贸易、投资、财务自由）。 每项标准均按1-10分打分。 今年出版的报告单行本将近500页，其中包括参与调查的各个经济体的介绍、司法制度、管治能力、调查方法说明。此外还可通过浏览www.heritage.org/index，在线查看更多的图表和比较工具。 本书暗含的观点认为，经济自由度越高，经济表现就越出色。作者总结说，2013年的研究再次证明，经济自由度不仅与经济增速成正比，也与医疗、教育、环保、减少贫困、人均收入水平的改善成正比。 |
Hong Kong Again Wins Gold Medal in Global Economic Ranking The 2013 Index of Economic Freedom, co-published by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal annually since 1995, once again ranks Hong Kong as the freest economy in the world. Hong Kong has earned the top spot every year since the index was launched. Singapore again ranked a close second. Australia, New Zealand, and Switzerland rounded out the top five, in that order. Hong Kong's economic freedom score was 89.3, versus a world average of 59.6 By way of historical comparison, in 1997, the year that Hong Kong became a Special Administration Region of China, it's score was 88.6. A total of 185 economies are included in this year's survey. Big gainers in 2013 over the previous year were the United Arab Emirates, Columbia, Jordan, Poland and Indonesia. The United States and Ireland, on the other hand, were labeled two notable decliners over the past 5 years. Five Asia-Pacific economies made the top twenty in 2013, including Taiwan at number 20. Macau ranked 26th. Chinese mainland ranked number 136. The Heritage Foundation is a conservative think tank founded in the U.S. in 1973 with nearly 750,000 members. One of the largest public policy research organizations in the U.S., it does not accept government funding or contract work, relying on funding instead from individuals, companies and foundations. The methodology for the economic freedom survey is based on analysis of 10 criteria, grouped into 4 core categories: rule of law (including corruption and protection of property rights); limited government (taxation, government spending); regulatory efficiency (relating to businesses, labor, and monetary affairs); and open markets (trade, investment and financial freedom). Each of the component criteria is graded on a scale from 1 to 10. This year's summary report in book form is nearly 500 pages in length, including a profile of each of the economies covered in the study, and chapters on rule of law, governance, and a detailed explanation of the methodology employed. Additional online charts, graphs and comparison tools are available at www.heritage.org/index The underlying thesis of the work is that greater economic freedom leads to greater performance. The authors conclude that the 2013 study again demonstrates the correlation between a higher degree of economic freedom and superior performance not only in economic growth, but in health care, education, environmental protection, poverty reduction, and per capita income levels. |
订阅